SharePoint 2010 Build / Version Numbers

To check  the build/version details of the farm :

Browse to Central Administration > System Settings > Manage servers in your farm (/_admin/FarmServers.aspx)

Windows PowerShell: (get-spfarm).buildversion

To check the build/version detail of the products :

Browse to Central Administration > Upgrade and Migration > Check Product and patch installation status (/_admin/PatchStatus.aspx)

To check the build/version detail of the databases :

Browse to Central Administration > Upgrade and Migration > Review database status (/_admin/DatabaseStatus.aspx)

P.S. Also refer to the below link for all versions of Sharepoint

SPS 2001   |    STS 2002    |   SPS 2003    |   MOSS 2007     |   Sharepoint 2010

http://www.sharepointdesignerstepbystep.com/blog/SitePages/SharePoint%20versions.aspx

Build	Release	Component	​Information	Download Link	Notes
14.0.4763.1000	RTM	All components	​	Download	​
14.0.4762.1000	RTM	Farm Build Version	​		​
			​		​
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	SharePoint Foundation 2010	​	KB2028568	​
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	Microsoft Shared Components	​	KB2281364	​
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	Microsoft SharePoint Portal	​	KB983497	​
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	Microsoft User Profiles
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	Microsoft Search Server 2010 Core
14.0.5114.5003	June 2010 CU	Microsoft Web Analytics Web Front End Components	​	KB2204024	​
			​		​
14.0.5123.5000	August 2010 CU	SharePoint Foundation​ 2010	​	KB2352346	​
14.0.5123.5000	August 2010 CU	SharePoint Server 2010	​	KB2352342	​
			​		​
14.0.5128.5000 ​	October 2010 CU​	SharePoint Foundation​ 2010	​	KB2394323​	​
14.0.5128.5000​	October 2010 CU​	SharePoint Server 2010​	​	KB2394320​	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.5130.5002​	​December 2010 CU	SharePoint Foundation 2010 ​	​	KB2459125 ​	​
14.0.5130.5002​ ​	December 2010 CU​	SharePoint Server 2010​	​	KB2459257​	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.5136.5002​	February 2011 CU​	SharePoint Foundation 2010 ​	​	KB2475880​	​
14.0.5136.5002​	February 2011 CU​	SharePoint Server 2010​	​	KB2475878	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.5138.5000	​April 2011 CU	​SharePoint Foundation 2010	​	KB2512804​	​
14.0.5138.5000	​April 2011 CU	SharePoint Server 2010​	​	KB2512800	​
14.0.5138.5000	​April 2011 CU	​Project Server 2010	​	KB2512801	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
​14.0.6029.1000	​Service Pack 1	​SharePoint Server 2010​	KB2460045	Download	​
​14.0.6029.1000	​Service Pack 1	​Office Web Apps	KB2460073	Download	​
​​14.0.6029.1000	​Service Pack 1	​Project Server 2010	KB2460047	Download	​
​14.0.6029.1000	​Service Pack 1	​SharePoint Foundation 2010	KB2460058	Download	​
14.0.6029.1000	​Service Pack 1	​FAST Search Server	KB2460039	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
​14.0.6105.5000	​June 2011 CU Mark 1	​​SharePoint Server 2010​	​	KB2536599	​
​14.0.6105.5000	​June 2011 CU Mark 1	​SharePoint Foundation 2010	​	KB2536601	​
​14.0.6105.5000	​​June 2011 CU Mark 1	​Project Server 2010	​	KB2536590	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
​14.0.6106.5002	​​June 2011 CU Mark 2	​​​SharePoint Server 2010​	KB2536599	Download	Regressions
​14.0.6106.5002	​​June 2011 CU Mark 2	​SharePoint Foundation 2010	KB2536601​	Download	​
​14.0.6106.5002	​​June 2011 CU Mark 2	​Project Server 2010	KB2536590	Download	​
14.0.6105.5000	​June 2011 CU	​Office Web Apps	KB2553919	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6109.5002	​August 2011 CU	​SharePoint Server 2010	KB2553048	Download	Regressions
14.0.6109.5000	​August 2011 CU	​​SharePoint Foundation 2010	KB2553117	​Download	​
14.0.6109.5000 ​	​August 2011 CU	​Project Server 2010	KB2553047	​Download	​
14.0.6109.5000	​August 2011 CU	​FAST Search Server	KB2553040	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6112.5000	​October 2011 CU	​SharePoint Server 2010	KB2596505	​Download	​Bugs, Notes, and Regressions
14.0.6112.5000	​​October 2011 CU	​​​SharePoint Foundation 2010	KB2596508	​Download	​
14.0.6112.5000	​​October 2011 CU	​​Project Server 2010	KB2596506	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6114.5000	December 2011 CU	​SharePoint Server 2010	KB2597014	​Download	​Bugs, Notes and Regressions
14.0.6114.5000	December 2011 CU	​SharePoint Foundation 2010	KB2596998	​Download	​
14.0.6114.5000	December 2011 CU	​Project Server 2010	KB2597015	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6117.5002 ​	February 2012 CU​	SharePoint Server 2010​	KB2597150​	Download​	Bugs, Notes and Regressions​
14.0.6117.5002 ​	February 2012 CU​	SharePoint Foundation 2010​	KB2597132​	​Download	​
14.0.6117.5002 ​	February 2012 CU​	Project Server 2010​	KB2597152​	​Download	​
14.0.6117.5002 ​​	February 2012 CU​	Office Web Apps​	KB2598022​	Download​	​
14.0.6117.5002	​February 2012 CU​	​FAST Search Server	KB2597131	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6120.5000	April 2012 CU​ Mark1	​​SharePoint Server 2010	​	​	​Removed
14.0.6120.5000	​April 2012 CU​ Mark1	​SharePoint Foundation 2010​	​	​	​Removed
14.0.6120.5000	​April 2012 CU​ Mark1	​Project Server 2010	​	​	​Removed
14.0.6120.5000	​​April 2012 CU​	​​FAST Search Server	KB2598329	​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6120.5006	​April 2012 CU​ Mark 2	​SharePoint Server 2010​	KB2598151	​​Download	​Bugs, Notes, and Regressions
14.0.6120.5006	​April 2012 CU​ Mark 2	​SharePoint Foundation 2010​	KB2598321	​Download	​
14.0.6120.5006	​April 2012 CU​ Mark 2	​Project Server 2010	KB2598152	​​Download	​
​	​	​	​	​	​
14.0.6123.5002	​June 2012 CU	​SharePoint Server 2010​	KB2598354	​Download	​Bugs, Notes, and Regressions
14.0.6123.5002	​​June 2012 CU	​SharePoint Foundation 2010​	KB2598373	​Download	​
14.0.6123.5002	​​June 2012 CU	​Office Web Apps​	KB2687273	​Download	​
14.0.6123.5002	​June 2012 CU	​Project Server 2010	KB2598355	​Download	​

Courtesy : http://www.toddklindt.com/blog/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=224

Disabling Loop back Security Check

                      
                         A very common issue which you face while you work on the servers hosting Sharepoint.When you use the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) or a custom host header to browse a local Web site that is hosted on a computer that is running Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.1 or a later version, you may receive an error message that resembles the following:

HTTP 401.1 - Unauthorized: Logon Failed

This issue occurs when the Web site uses Integrated Authentication and has a name that is mapped to the local loopback address.
Note You only receive this error message if you try to browse the Web site directly on the server. If you browse the Web site from a client computer, the Web site works as expected.
How to fix this :

1. Click Start, click Run, type regedit, and then click OK.
2. In Registry Editor, locate and then click the following registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa
3. Right-click Lsa, point to New, and then click DWORD Value.
4. Type DisableLoopbackCheck, and then press ENTER.
5. Right-click DisableLoopbackCheck, and then click Modify.
6. In the Value data box, type 1, and then click OK.
7. Quit Registry Editor, and then restart your computer.

This would resolve the issue  :-)